Rainfall and Soil of Haryana:

Rainfall :

Haryana receives, less rainfall each year. During the monsoons (from June to September), the plains receive rainfall. The Shivalik range receives 216 cm of rainfall (maximum) each year. The Aravalli region gets scanty rainfall. During the winter season, rainfall occurs from December to February.

The districts of Ambala, Kurukshetra, Karnal, Jind, Panipat, Gurgaon, Rohtak, Sonepat and Faridabad receive good rainfall. But the Mewat region of Gurgaon and Faridabad does not get good rainfall. The average rainfall in the State is 45 cm. The south­western parts of the state (including Sirsa, Bhiwani, Hissar, Rewari, Rohtak, Gurgaon, Faridabad and Mahendragarh) receive less rainfall. The north-eastern parts (including Ambala, Yamunanagar, Kurukshetra, Kaithal, Karnal, Jind, Sonepat and Panipat) get plenty of rainfall.

Soil :

The hilly areas of the State are limited. Most of the terrain is used for agricultural production. Rivers of the area bring fertile soil along with them from the mountains and deposit it in the plains. This soil is very useful for cultivation.

There are three types of soil in Haryana, which depend upon three types of terrain of the state. These three types of the terrain are-hilly, plain and sandy. The soil of the hilly terrain is rocky. The terrain of the plains has fertile soil.

The colour of this soil is yellowish grey. It has been deposited here by the rivers Yamuna and Saraswati. The terrain of the sandy tracts of the State has sandy soil. The colour of the soil is light grey. It is brought into the state by the high-speed warm winds of Rajasthan. It is not fertile. The hilly areas of the State have thin but rock-solid soil.

The rivers of the state deliver fertile soil along their valleys. This soil has fine grains. In Yamunanagar, various types of soil are found. One type does not have nitrogen and phosphorus in abundance. Further, red chestnut soil is also found in this area. In the sub-hilly region of the Shivaliks, domut, grey and sandy soils are found. The terrain has ample quantities of small pebbles and stones.

In Rohtak district, the soil is fertile. In most of the areas of Jhajjar Tehsil, one can find sand dunes. The soil here is of light grey colour; it lacks nitrogen. The soil of Sonepat district is sandy and domut. In Sirsa district, red soil is found. In Hissar, Bhiwani and Fatehabad, sandy domut soil is in abundance. In this soil, crops can be grown, if water is supplied to the same.

The soil of Gurgaon district is of two types. In the uneven tract of the district, sandy and domut soil is found. It is found in Sohna, Gurgaon and Punhana. In the plain-cum-sandy tract, the soil found is sandy. It is found in Ferozepur-Jhirka, Nagma, Tavadu and Pataudi. But at the same time the plain-cum-sandy tract also has chikni soil, which is found in Nuh and Ferozepur Jhirka. But it is found only in a few parts of these two towns.

In Jind district, soil has been brought by rivers Ghaggar and Yamuna. It is also called alluvial soil. The soil of Ambala and Kaithal district is yellowish-grey in colour. But in some parts, rocky terrain is also found. The soil of Faridabad is fertile; its colour is yellowish-grey. The soil of districts Kurukshetra, Panipat and Karnal is yellowish-grey and fertile. The soil of district Mahendragarh and Rewari is predominantly sandy; it is not very much fertile. The colour of this soil is light grey.